By: Padmanabh Subramanian
What happens when what lies within you is far greater than the boundaries around you?
Ancient Indian wisdom gives us two extraordinary answers — Matsya and Hanuman.
One became too large for every vessel until only the ocean could contain him. The other possessed immense power but forgot the scale of what he could do. Both stories carry a remarkably modern lesson: Extraordinary ability needs space, awareness, guidance and purpose.
He was Sundara — beautiful, radiant and extraordinarily gifted. As a child, sitting in his mother Anjana’s lap, he saw the rising Sun, mistook it for a fruit and flew towards it.
Indra struck him with the Vajra, injuring his jaw. From hanu, meaning jaw or chin, came the name Hanuman, traditionally associated with that injury. But the blow did not diminish his power. His father, Vayu, withdrew the air from the world in grief. The gods intervened, restored the child and blessed him with extraordinary abilities. Yet Hanuman was still a child. He began using those powers mischievously, disturbing sages in their rituals and meditation.
The sages understood something important:
Extraordinary energy without discipline can become disruptive.
So Hanuman’s powers were not taken away. Instead, he would forget the extent of them until someone reminded him. Years later, standing on the seashore with Rama’s vanara army, Hanuman had forgotten that he could cross the ocean to Lanka.
Then Jambavan reminded him. He wasn’t giving Hanuman a new power.
He was awakening what was already within him. Hanuman remembered — and the child who once reached for the Sun now crossed the ocean to fulfil Rama’s mission.
Matsya: When the Container Becomes the Constraint
There is another beautiful parallel in ancient Indian wisdom. In the story of Matsya, Vishnu’s fish incarnation, the divine fish first appears tiny before Rishi Satyavrata.
Satyavrata places it in his kamandalu. But Matsya soon outgrows it. So he moves the fish into a larger vessel, then a pond, a lake and a river. Each time, the container becomes inadequate for what it now holds. Finally, only the ocean can contain him.
What appeared to be a tiny fish reveals itself as something immeasurably greater. When the great flood comes, Matsya becomes the divine saviour who protects Satyavrata and helps preserve life.
From Ancient Wisdom to the Startup World
This is the startup metaphor at the heart of Matsya:
The company may be doing well — but the system that created its success may no longer be capable of supporting what it has become.
Think of an early startup. Three founders make every decision. A small team works from a shared understanding. One product serves one customer segment. Technology is built quickly rather than systematically. That simplicity is an advantage in the beginning.
Then the company finds product-market fit. Customers multiply. The team expands. New markets appear. Revenue becomes meaningful. Capital increases. Complexity arrives.
And suddenly, the old way of working becomes the problem.
The founders become decision bottlenecks. The technology struggles with volume. Processes that were once fast become unreliable. A product designed for one market doesn’t translate easily to another.
The startup has become Matsya.
The kamandalu → pond → lake → river → ocean is therefore not simply a metaphor for getting bigger.
It represents a more important principle:
As the company changes, its container must change with it.
The container could be the organization, technology, capital structure, leadership model, governance or market strategy.
The founder’s challenge is to recognize that transition early enough — before the structure that once enabled the company starts constraining it.
That is the Matsya lesson: Don’t mistake the container for the company.
Hanuman presents the opposite challenge. Here, the resources already exist — talent, technology, capital, relationships and opportunity — but they are not being fully brought to bear.
The sages provide discipline. Jambavan provides perspective. Rama provides trust, responsibility and a mission. This is where the venture analogy becomes especially interesting.
Rama is not merely the person who provides capital. He is the kind of mission-aligned venture partner who sees an ability that others may overlook and gives the person the mandate to use it.
He doesn’t tell Hanuman to become Rama. He gives Hanuman a mission through which Hanuman can become fully himself.
Hanuman then builds his own reputation through execution — crossing the ocean, finding Sita, confronting impossible obstacles and carrying the Sanjeevani mountain.
Rama is revered for righteousness, virtue and leadership; Hanuman for immense strength, courage and unwavering devotion.
And there is a beautiful irony: It took a bear — Jambavan — to remind Hanuman how high he could fly.
The entrepreneurial lesson
Matsya asks a founder:
Has your company outgrown the system that supports it?
Hanuman asks:
Are you using everything you already have?
Jambavan asks:
Who can see what you can no longer see in yourself?
And Rama asks:
What mission is worthy of those capabilities?
Perhaps that is the deeper lesson.
Sometimes the challenge is the container. Sometimes it is the person inside it.
And sometimes it is the absence of a purpose big enough to connect the two.
Because remarkable organizations are built not merely through resources, but through the right structure, the right people and the right purpose.
Also read: Rare instance when Lord Krishna took Lord Rama’s name
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